Artikel Guru Minggu Ini
THE COLONIAL CONTEXT OF THE FOUNDATION
OF MODERN SCHOOLS IN INDONESIA
The beginning of the twentieth century was a significant period in which some important developments took place. One of these was the application of Etische Politiek ( Ethical Policy ), which had influenced many aspects of Indonesian life, in particular education, and the emergence of the new Islamic and nationalist schools.
A. The Colonial Government’s Educational System
The modern Dutch education system influenced not only the emerging modern Islamic educational institutions, but also the nationalist system of Indonesia. This modern education system was introduced by the Dutch colonial authorities. The Islamic modernists adopted the colonial model system.
The colonial educational system was different, in some respects, from the Islamic and nationalist ones in terms of method, curricula, and goals. The colonial system was based on secular subjects and skills, whereas the Islamists and nationalists put grater emphasis on religious and nationalistic values.
The educational system of the colonial authorities can be described as follows ;
- The learning plan followed formal graduation.
- Secular subjects were taught, not religious ones.
- The teaching and learning took place collectively inn classes, not individual.
- It was not free of charge. There was a tuition fee.
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